مع عودة بعض المدارس.. هل ينقل الأطفال عدوى كورونا؟
البوابة الطبية
هل يعد الأطفال من أبرز ناقلي العدوى بفيروس كورونا المستجد؟ لا يزال العلم غير قادر على إعطاء إجابة قاطعة على هذا السؤال المطروح للنقاش نظراً لأهميته في قرار إغلاق المدارس أو تركها مفتوحة. في بداية ظهور الوباء، كان يُخشى أن يكون الأطفال من الناقلين الرئيسيين للعدوى قياساً على الأمراض الفيروسية الأخرى مثل الأنفلونزا. ثم اتجه الأمر الى التفكير المعاكس بعد أن أشارت دراسات إلى أنهم ليسوا شديدي العدوى. وتقول اختصاصية علم الأوبئة دومينيك كوستاليولا لوكالة فرانس برس "إذا نظرنا إلى البيانات الواردة في الأوراق البحثية، فسنجد أن الأمر ليس واضحاً". نتائج غير دقيقة وقدرت عالمة الأوبئة زوي هايد في مقال نُشر في نهاية شهر أكتوبر (تشرين الأول) في المجلة الطبية الأسترالية أن العديد من الدراسات التي تفيد بأن الأطفال ينقلون العدوى بشكل طفيف إلى أهلهم "أجريت خلال فترات العزل" وبالتالي في فترة يكون فيها انتقال الفيروس ضعيفاً، وهذا من شأنه التاثير على نتائجها. ودحض العديد من الدراسات التي أجريت في الولايات المتحدة أو الهند أو كوريا الجنوبية فكرة أن الأطفال قلما ينقلون العدوى، وآخرها نشرتها في 30 أكتوبر (تشرين الأول) المراكز الأمريكية للوقاية من الأمراض والسيطرة عليها. شملت الدراسة 300 شخص وخلصت إلى أن انتقال سارس-كوف-2 داخل الأسرة "كان متكرراً، سواء عن طريق الأطفال أو البالغين". ومع ذلك، رسمت دراسة بريطانية واسعة النطاق نشرت نتائجها الثلاثاء صورة مختلفة تماماً. ملاحظات متناقضة فاستناداً إلى بيانات من 9 ملايين بالغ، يقدر باحثو كلية لندن للصحة والطب الاستوائي وجامعة أكسفورد أن "العيش مع الأطفال الذين تتراوح أعمارهم بين 0 و11 عاماً لا يرتبط بزيادة خطر الإصابة بفيروس سارس-كوف-2". ويزداد هذا الخطر قليلاً عند العيش مع طفل يتراوح عمره بين 12 و18 عامًا. لذلك من الصعب الحصول على إجابة و
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